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Vol. 14, Art. 84 (pp. 1057-1070)    |    2013       

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Evaluation of 18-fluorodesoxyglucose cerebral metabolism in early diagnosis of cognitive impairment

Lobzin V.Y., Odinak M.M., Lupanov I.A., Boykov I.V., Emelin A.Y.

FGBVOU VPO "Military Medical Academy named after SM Kirov "Russian Defense Ministry

Brief summary

Looking for a reliable biomarker that reflects the development of cognitive impairment, is one of the most topical research directions in the neurosciences. Thus an important role is given to modern methods of neuroimaging. Results of an assessment of cerebral metabolism changes in amnesic and non-amnesic types of mild cognitive impairment using positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose are given in the article. Found that patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment are characterized by steady pattern in the form of bilateral reduction of glucose metabolism in the hippocampus, temporal, parietal and frontal lobes, cingulate gyrus, with predominance in the left hemisphere. The specified pattern was detected also in patients with Alzheimer\'s disease, but differ with severe metabolic disorders and symmetry. Non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment is characterized by the presence of multiple areas of diffuse hypometabolism in cortical and subcortical brain formations. Significant differences between the values of cerebral metabolism in patients with Non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment and vascular dementia was not determined. Character of metabolic disorders allowed to assume a neurodegenerative genesis of amnestic and a vascular origin of non-amnesic mild cognitive impairment. The key feature, allowing to differentiate vascular and neurodegenerative cognitive impairment was a glucose hypometabolism of the posterior cingulate cortex. Correlation interdependence of metabolic changes degree and severity of cognitive impairment was detected. Established an important role of the cingulate gyrus as strategically important area for the development of cognitive impairment. Shown the possibility of using of positron emission tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose as a technique for early detection of neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders of vascular genesis.


Key words

positron emission tomography, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose, Alzheimer\\\'s disease, vascular cognitive impairment, cerebral metabolism, mild cognitive impairment, functional neuroimaging, dementia, neurodegeneration.

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