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Vol. 14, Art. 85 (pp. 1071-1084)    |    2013       

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Intraluminal brachytherapy: role in multimodality treatment of bronchial and tracheal tumours

Gagua K.E.

St. Petersburg Clinical Research Centre of special types of medical care (Oncology)

Brief summary

This paper summarizes the foreign and domestic recent publications, describing the methodology and efficiency of intraluminal brachytherapy in patients with lesions of the tracheobronchial tree caused by primary or metastatic malignancies. Some cases require intraluminal tumour debulking and mechanical recanalization to ensure the delivery of the radiation source to the area of interest. The optimal high dose rate brachytherapy source (more 20sGr • min-1), is 192I, delivering up to 21-28 Gr in 3-4 sessions. Palliative intraluminal irradiation of inoperable patients yields good immediate results (65-95%), a significant reduction of the main symptoms: haemoptysis (87-95%), dyspnoea (75-90%), obstructive pneumonia (50-85%) and significantly (p<0.001) increases median survival from 1-3 to 9-14 months. Brachytherapy together with chemoradiation increases the median survival to 15-20 months. Complications rate observed with endobronchial brachytherapy is rather low, include pulmonary haemorrhage (2-7 %), mostly developing in single session doses higher than 10 Gr.


Key words

endobronchial brachytherapy, malignant tumours of the trachea and bronchi, endobronchial surgery recanalization, chemoradiation.

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