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Vol. 24, Art. 34 (pp. 448-460)    |    2023       

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Calculation of healthy life years lost due to exposure to ionizing radiation for russian population

Repin L.V., Akhmatdinov R.R., Biblin A.M.

Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Brief summary

The effective dose is used, as a measure of radiation health risk due to low doses or/and low dose rates exposure in the field of radiation protection. The effective dose is calculated by summing the equivalent doses values in different organs and tissues using weighting factors that reflect the relative radiosensitivity of the organs or tissues concerned. This makes it possible to quantify the harm to health for different exposure geometries, using the harm value corresponding to a uniform exposure of the whole body. This approach to risk assessment is used for a rough preliminary risk assessment under conditions of significant uncertainty of possible long-term consequences, when the mathematical rigor of the assessment in relation to a particular person does not play an important role in making managerial decisions. For example, this approach is justified when taking into account individual doses of personnel and monitoring compliance with established dose limits. The International Commission on Radiological Protection, in its recommendations, has given the values of weighting factors for organs and tissues, taking into account their radiosensitivity, calculated for an artificially formed (nominal) population. The recommended coefficient values are obtained by grouping the relative harm values calculated for the ?whole population? group of the nominal population. Meanwhile, it?s well known, that, on a population scale, the relative radiosensitivity of various organs, tissues, and systems of the body changes with age and depends on the medical and demographic characteristics of the population, which means that the values of relative harm can vary significantly for different sex and age groups of the population. The article presents the results of the study, the aim of which was to assess the possibility and expediency of using alternative values of tissue weight factors when calculating the effective dose. For this, calculations of the values of radiation harm and calculations of the number of years of healthy life lost due to the occurrence of oncological diseases caused by exposure to ionizing radiation were carried out for different age groups of the Russian population. The calculations were carried out according to the methods of the International Commission on Radiological Protection and the World Health Organization. It?s shown, that the tissue weighting factors calculated from the data of the Russian population based on the estimated number of years of healthy life lost due to radiogenic cancers are in good agreement with the tissue weight factors recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection for calculating the effective dose. Calculations were made for three age groups: ?general population?, ?persons of working age? and ?children?. It is concluded that it is inexpedient to complicate the system of radiation protection in the Russian Federation by changing tissue weight factors or introducing different tissue factors for individual age groups.


Key words

effective dose; radiation risk; radiosensitivity coefficients; DALY

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