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Vol. 22, Art. 30 (pp. 437-462)    |    2021       

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Gene therapy for radiation damage: current state and prospects

Vlasova O.A., Kravtsov I.S., Nikiforov A.S.

1 Federal State Unitary Enterprise «Scientific Center «Signal», Moscow, 107014 Russia
2 State Scientific-Research Testing Institute of Military Medicine, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Brief summary

The review presents the research results in the field of gene therapy for radiation injuries. A search was carried out on the database MEDLINE, in search engines PubMed, CyberLeninka, elibrary.ru and Google Scholar. We found a small number of works in this area. Their analysis showed the promising results of a gene-therapeutic approach for creating medical means for the prevention and treatment of radiation injuries. Gene constructs based on antioxidant enzymes (MnSOD), DNA repair systems (DSUP), apoptosis regulators (SNAI2, MDR1), cytokines and growth factors (THPO, HGF, etc.) have shown some success. The benefits of gene therapy agents are physiological effect due to the constant expression of a small amount of therapeutic protein by transfected body cells, the absence of the need for daily injections and minimal side effects. Nevertheless, the presence of difficulties associated with the choice of a vector and a rational delivery method, as well as with the introduction of such medical products in clinical practice significantly complicates the development of this area. There remains a need for more detailed studies aimed at assessing the safety, efficacy and duration of the healing effect of a gene therapy.


Key words

gene therapy, radiation damage, gene delivery vector, transgene, superoxide dismutase, repair, cytokines, hematopoiesis

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